First of all, know this: the human brain, and caffeine are not explained easily by modern science. When you are awake, brain neurons are shooting away rapidly, and as a byproduct they produce something called adenosine. When adenosine levels climb to a certain point in the spinal cord and brain, you will become sleepy. Out of the body’s adenosine receptors, caffeine interacts with the A1 receptor the most. Caffeine functions as an adenosine copycat.

So caffeine is not as simple as a direct stimulant, such as amphetamines; its effect on alertness is more subtle than that.
Caffeine can enhance work output for work which is straightforward and does not require lots of abstract and subtle thinking, in which, coffee has proved to help increase output and quality. In addition, caffeine has been seen to improve memory creation and retention when it comes to “declarative memory,” which what students use to remember lists or answers to questions on their exams.
When it comes to caffeine’s effect on your work, you will do better to think speed and not power.
The effectiveness of caffeine consumption varies significantly from person to person, because of genetic and other factors. The average half-life of caffeine is about five hours in a human body. Women taking oral birth control medication need about twice as long to process caffeine. Women whom are between the ovulation and beginning of their menstruation period see a similar, if less severe, extended half-life. And as one starts to take in caffeine regularly, the body and mind build develop a tolerance to it.

Vitamin B-12 is usually found naturally in foods like meats, milk, cheese and eggs. Women who are vegans, or complete vegetarians (who do not consume either meat, eggs or dairy products) are at greater risk of being deficient in folic acid and thus giving birth to a NTD affected child. Vegan women can offset not receiving folic acid in meat and dairy products by consuming certain kinds of nutritional yeast, fortified cereals, fortified soy milk, foods known as fortified meat analogues ( wheat gluten, and soy beans for example); and by taking fortified vitamin B-12 supplements.
Women with the highest risks are those who have a pregnancy blood levels of less than 250 ng/L These women can greatly reduce the risks having a NTD affected child by increasing their vitamin B-12 levels to an amount above 300 ng/L.

For these reasons, it is vitally important for all pregnant women, especially those who have been found to have vitamin B-12 deficiencies, to take a folic acid food supplement before and during the first few weeks of pregnancy. By their doing so, at least 50% or more cases of NTD afflicted births can be prevented. Since many pregnancies are not “planned”, women of child bearing age should consume at least 400 micrograms of folic acid daily.

Again, women who are vegan vegetarians should consume either meat or dairy substitutes, as noted above, or a vitamin B-12 supplement.

1. Goose Bumps
2. Jacobson’s Organ
3. Junk DNA
4. Extra Ear Muscles
5. Plantaris Muscle
6. Wisdom Teeth
7. Third Eyelid
8. Darwin’s Point
9. Coccyx
10. and finally… The Appendix

There are basically three main classifications of muscles in all primates, including Man. These are the skeletal, the cardiac, and the smooth muscles. Skeletal muscles are the largest group as they are attached to the body’s skeletal system and are responsible for virtually all voluntary movements. Even eye and tongue muscles are considered to be skeletal muscles as they are attached to the human skull which is part of the overall skeletal system. An adult human male has between 40 – 50% skeletal muscles, while a female has between 30 – 40%. Since skeletal muscles are responsible for motion as posture, the muscle fiber in them is much stronger and ‘stringy’ that those found in either cardiac or smooth muscles. Anybody eating a piece of beef chuck steak, which comes from the skeletal muscles of a cow, can testify to this fact.

Smooth muscles are found inside the body and are responsible for the functions of internal organs such as the lungs, stomach, intestines, uterus, bladder, and blood vessels. Their fibers are shorter and more ‘smooth’ than skeletal muscle fiber, but their functions are no less important as they control the functions of the body’s vital organs

Cardiac muscles are found within the heart and though considered as involuntary muscles, are responsible for operating the “pump” that sends life give blood to all parts of the body.

Many who have studied the science of anatomy have debated on which muscles are the strongest in the human body. Some have said that muscles such as those found in the limbs (hands arms, legs, etc) are the strongest as they are responsible for motions such walking/running, grasping, and lifting. Others have said that lateral muscles located along the human spine are the strongest as they help assist the spine support the entire body.

In actuality, however, the strongest muscles are found in the facial muscles, including the jaw muscles, tongue muscles and eye muscles. The jaw muscles, in fact, have tremendous strength as they are responsible not only for mouth movements, but for chewing and swallowing the very food we eat. Eye muscles, though small in comparison with others, also are very strong as they control our constant eye movements. And the tongue muscles, which control our speech, are also considered as some of our strongest muscles. Anyone who has a “gift for gab” will appreciate this fact.

Since humans belong to animal species known as vertebrates (those animals having internal skeletal systems) studies of the origins all vertebrates indicates that they came from a common origin that appeared on earth more than 700,000 years ago, beginning with fish and other sea creatures, that evolved into amphibians, reptiles, then on into birds and mammals.

Body art, as compared to normal tattooing, involves using the human body as the basis for various forms of art. Many body art creations are so intricate and creative that they are exhibited in special art exhibitions. Often the person on which the designs have been painted is none other than the artist him/herself. As contrasted to permanent tattooing, body paint is removable, although care must be given not to have the model wear paints that clog the skin pores and keep it from “breathing”.

Body art in one form or another has been in existence for as long as the human race.
Modern examples of body art include people being painted in various art designs prior to their participation in festive activities such as the Carnival celebrations which take place in countries like Brazil prior to the pre-Easter period of Lent.

In many body art creations, the model is entirely nude, and the artist paints intricate patterns and designs on the model’s body, including pictures and even facsimiles of clothing. Body art festivals are held in many countries annually and prizes are awarded for the most original or intricate art creations. Many primitive societies, such as those found in Africa, South America, and Australia still practice body art for religious ritualistic purposes.

Some forms of body art can be physically damaging, as per the example of body painting that can clog skin pores. Other types of body art can actually burn the skin, such as with the use of extreme exposure to the sun, use of implements that burn the skin and hair, and the use of abrasive or acidic chemicals.

Body art is often done in conjunction with other forms of art expression, including music, dance, and with various props t accentuate the body art designs. Body art in te form of tattoos can be very intricate and beautiful; but these who agree to them must realize that they are “wed” to the design for life, since removing them is much more involved that a simple tattoo

Body art and tattoo conventions, such as the Body Art Expo held in Pomono California; features more than 300 artists and draws thousands of visitors. Some of the most intricate, and bizarre, designs and body paintings are on display there. Similar exhibitions are held in other locations, including San Francisco and Denver, Colorado.

Older people, especially senior citizens, often feel very neglected and unwanted. They also have a greater fear of death than younger people, which only adds to their frustration. By offering them a healthy exercise discipline, they not only invigorate the body but the mind as well. Although older people require more time and much patience on behalf of the instructor, with the right assistance they can realize a big change in their outlook on life. One of the best Yoga techniques for older persons is one known as Yoga Nidra. This technique is well suited even for geriatrics as it does not require them to lie on the floor, but allows them to perform many exercises while sitting in a chair. The exercises are done at a much slower pace and careful consideration is made for the participant’s physical limitations. By practicing simple breathing exercises, especially from the abdomen, those who have problems such as depression and insomnia often find much needed relief.

For those who are not aware, Yoga Nidra, otherwise known as Yoga of Clear Light is designed to bring people to a spiritual, emotional and physical level of consciousness through trance and meditation. The ultimate aim is bring a person to an ultimate state that is in direct communion with the Devine energy. The state of absolute relaxation is so wonderful that those who practice this technique say that only half and hour of Yoga Nidra meditation is equivalent to three hours of normal sleep. It is for this reason that it is highly recommended for older people who often suffer from sleeping disorders, particularly insomnia.

For this age group, more simple Yoga Nidra techniques are taught in order for participants to be able to get the most benefit and not become discouraged. With patience and proper guidance older people can practice Yoga Nidra exercises until they are 90 – even more.

Calcium (Ca) or calcium carbonate: An important mineral for building and maintaining strong bones and healthy teeth. Calcium supplements are obtainable in pill or capsule form and can even be found in many antacid products (Tums, etc.) where the main ingredient is calcium carbonate. Calcium supplement are often found together with vitamin and multivitamin products. If taken in this manner, it is advisable to make sure that enough calcium (at least 300 milligrams, ) is included. Calcium is often found together with vitamin C (an excellent anti-oxidant) and vitamin D (recommended for strong bones).

Iron (Fe): Iron is one of the most common minerals and an important mineral for maintaining good health. Iron helps oxygenate red blood cells and sufficient amounts of iron in the body is necessary for a high blood hemoglobin count which ;prevents the body from becoming fatigued. Pregnant and nursing mothers need higher amounts of iron than others. It is ingested with foods such as liver and red meat products, and in a number of vegetables, especially spinach. If not obtained from food, vitamin supplements containing iron are readily available, as well as many food products into which iron and other vitamins and minerals have been added.

Sodium (Na) is one of the most common minerals in the body, and is required for proper regulation of blood and other body fluids, such as lymph tissue. It is important for heart and nerve activity and various metabolic functions. While sodium is required by animals, including humans, it is not needed by plants, and can even be harmful to them. Sodium’s most common way to ingestion is via common table salt, and it is found in many food products including soy sauce and extracts. Too much sodium can be harmful, however, especially among those suffering from cardio vascular problems.

Magnesium (Mg): This mineral is the third most important element found in sea water and is the 4th most important element in the human body as essential to all living cells.
If not taken naturally in foods such as fish (halibut, tuna, etc) fruits and vegetables (artichokes, beans, bananas, dried figs) as well as whole grains, it can also be taken in vitamin supplements such as magnesium oxide and magnesium gluconate, usually available in tablet form. Some antacids, such as Milk of Magnesia also contain high amounts of magnesium.

Modern methods of sports massage often entails a combination of known massage techniques, including Swedish, Japanese shiatsu, and others. During the harsh rigors of athletic competition, the entire human body is pressed to the limits of endurance; and joints, muscles and other parts of the body have actually been damaged, if only briefly. An experienced sports massage practitioner knows how to use his fingers, palms and knuckles to smooth stressed and ‘knotted’ muscles to stimulate better blood flow and bring relief , especially by using the thumbs and forefingers. Athletics who receive severe cramps and similar injuries during team sports, for example, may need several sessions with a sports medicine massage practitioner in order toe be able to return to the football pitch or basketball court as soon as possible.

Muscle fatigue is often present following sporting events, and the athlete needs a combination of both diet and sports massage to return fatigued muscles and nerves to their proper form. If a person is not treated properly, he will suffer from chronic muscle fatigue; which inhibit the muscles from receiving the proper nerve signals necessary to win the match or game.

Massages can be very beneficial if given prior to a workout or sporting event; and will ensure that the muscles are more relaxed and less tense. Pre-game tension can result in an athlete having less concentration, which will prevent him or her from make split movement decisions. Some of the benefits of sports massage for athletes includes faster recover from muscle damage occurring during competitions or workouts, increased flexibility and concentration, muscle rejuvenation and relief of fatigue, and healing of muscles, ligaments and tendons after injuries.

When applying massage before a workout, make sure that this is not overdone, as it may make the athlete feel tired and not wanting to play or work out. In this case, massage techniques to stimulate muscular skeletal activities are much more desirable.

Post event body massage should be done as soon a possible following a stressful athletic event – usually within an hour or two. This helps to rid the body of chemical changes brought on by severe stress, such a by-products of body metabolism. It also helps to “cool down” the body circulation in a similar manner as the “cool down” process following a stressful gym work out. Apply long, even strokes, especially towards the heart, helps to move the blood and other body fluids. It is also wise to ask the athlete how he feels and whether he drank enough fluids before and after the event.

Glutamag™ is for improving neurological functions, treating peptic ulcers, assisting in weight loss and acting as an anti-ageing agent.

Comboslim™ is a natural slimming product while keeping a healthy and fit body. Comboslim™ increases the metabolism, burns fat and regulates appetite.

Neuromax™ is a product that provides optimal functionality of the brain through a natural approach by increasing the oxygen supply to the brain and protecting the myeline sheath that surrounds the neurons.

Lycocaps™ provides a boost to the human immune system and removes free radicals from the body. These free radicals damage cells in the human body and could cause cancer. Lycocaps™ protects the human body against cancer and assists in the prevention of birth defects like Spina Bifida, cleft palate and neural tube defects.

Please keep in mind that any slimming aids are most effective when used in conjunction with a healthy diet and moderate exercise.